Chart building overview
Charts are the foundation of effective data visualization in 5X Business Intelligence. With over 50 chart types available, you can create visualizations that match your data and audience needs, from simple bar charts to complex geospatial maps.Choosing the right chart type
The key to effective data visualization is selecting the appropriate chart type for your data and message:Time series data
Trends and patterns over timeUse line charts, area charts, or time-series bar charts to show how metrics change over time.
Categorical comparisons
Comparing groups or categoriesBar charts, column charts, and pie charts work well for comparing different categories or groups.
Geographic data
Location-based insightsMaps and geospatial charts help visualize data tied to specific locations or regions.
Relationships
Correlations and connectionsScatter plots, bubble charts, and network diagrams reveal relationships between variables.
Creating your first chart
Step 1: Access the chart builder
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Navigate to Business Intelligence
- From your workspace, click “BI” in the left sidebar and navigate to the “Charts” tab.
- Click ”+ Chart” in the top right corner
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Choose your data source
- Select from available datasets
- Choose between warehouse data or metrics layer metrics
- Configure any necessary data transformations

Step 2: Configure chart data
1
Select chart type
Choose from 50+ chart types based on your data and visualization goals. Preview how your data will look with each type.
2
Configure dimensions
Set up categorical data (groups, categories, time periods) that will structure your visualization.
3
Configure metrics
Define the numerical values you want to visualize (counts, sums, averages, percentages).
4
Apply filters
Add filters to focus on specific data subsets or time periods relevant to your analysis.

Chart types and use cases
Reference guide: Explore 50+ chart types organized by category, with detailed use cases and configuration guidance for each visualization type.Basic chart types
Basic chart types
Bar and column charts
Bar and column charts
- Use cases: Comparing values across categories
- Best for: Sales by region, product performance, survey results
- Configuration: Category on one axis, values on the other
Line charts
Line charts
- Use cases: Showing trends over time
- Best for: Revenue trends, user growth, performance metrics
- Configuration: Time on x-axis, metrics on y-axis
Pie and donut charts
Pie and donut charts
- Use cases: Showing parts of a whole
- Best for: Market share, budget allocation, survey responses
- Configuration: Categories as slices, values as percentages
Area charts
Area charts
- Use cases: Showing cumulative values over time
- Best for: Stacked metrics, cumulative growth, layered data
- Configuration: Time series with filled areas
Advanced chart types
Advanced chart types
Scatter plots
Scatter plots
- Use cases: Showing relationships between two variables
- Best for: Correlation analysis, outlier detection, clustering
- Configuration: Two numerical axes with optional size/color encoding
Bubble charts
Bubble charts
- Use cases: Showing relationships with additional dimensions
- Best for: Market analysis, performance comparisons, multi-dimensional data
- Configuration: X/Y axes plus bubble size and color
Heatmaps
Heatmaps
- Use cases: Showing patterns in large datasets
- Best for: User behavior analysis, performance matrices, correlation tables
- Configuration: Two categorical axes with color intensity encoding
Treemaps
Treemaps
- Use cases: Showing hierarchical data with size relationships
- Best for: Budget allocation, organizational structure, market analysis
- Configuration: Hierarchical categories with size encoding
Geographic visualizations
Geographic visualizations
World maps
World maps
- Use cases: Global data visualization
- Best for: International sales, user distribution, market penetration
- Configuration: Geographic coordinates with color/size encoding
Country/state maps
Country/state maps
- Use cases: Regional data analysis
- Best for: Regional performance, demographic analysis, territory management
- Configuration: Administrative boundaries with data encoding
Custom maps
Custom maps
- Use cases: Specific geographic areas or custom territories
- Best for: Store locations, service areas, custom regions
- Configuration: Custom geographic data with visualization encoding
Data configuration
Dimensions and metrics
Understanding dimensions and metrics is fundamental to creating effective charts. These two data types work together to structure your visualizations and provide meaningful insights. Dimensions (categorical data): Dimensions are the categorical variables that define how your data is grouped and organized. They provide the structure and context for your visualizations.- Time dimensions
- Categorical dimensions
- Hierarchical dimensions
- Custom dimensions
Temporal data that shows trends and patterns over timeTime dimensions are essential for analyzing trends, patterns, and changes over different time periods. They help you understand how your metrics evolve and identify seasonal patterns or growth trends.
- Examples: Date, month, quarter, year, hour, day of week
- Use cases: Revenue trends, user activity patterns, seasonal analysis
- Best practices: Choose appropriate granularity (daily vs monthly) based on your data volume and analysis needs
Metrics (numerical data): Metrics are the quantitative values you want to measure, analyze, and visualize. They represent the “what” you’re measuring in your charts.
- Count metrics
- Sum metrics
- Average metrics
- Ratio metrics
Simple counting of records, events, or occurrencesCount metrics are fundamental for measuring volume, activity, and frequency. They help you understand how many times something happens, how many items exist, or how many events occur within a given period.
- Examples: Number of orders, page views, customer registrations, support tickets
- Use cases: Volume analysis, activity tracking, performance monitoring
- Best practices: Use for discrete events, ensure consistent counting logic
Advanced data configuration
Advanced data configuration allows you to transform, calculate, and manipulate your data to create more meaningful and insightful visualizations. These features enable you to derive new insights from existing data without modifying your underlying data sources. Calculated fields: Calculated fields let you create new metrics and dimensions by combining, transforming, or analyzing existing data fields. This is particularly useful when you need metrics that aren’t directly available in your source data.Custom formulas
Custom formulas
Create new metrics using mathematical operations on existing dataCustom formulas allow you to create sophisticated business metrics by combining existing data fields with mathematical operations. This is essential for creating financial ratios, performance indicators, and business-specific calculations.Examples:
- Profit margin:
(Revenue - Cost) / Revenue * 100 - Growth rate:
(Current Period - Previous Period) / Previous Period * 100 - Customer lifetime value:
Average Order Value * Purchase Frequency * Customer Lifespan
Conditional logic
Conditional logic
Create categorical fields using IF/THEN statements for data categorizationConditional logic enables you to create categorical dimensions and metrics based on business rules and thresholds. This is perfect for customer segmentation, performance categorization, and implementing complex business logic.Examples:
- Customer tier:
IF(Total_Spent > 1000, "Premium", IF(Total_Spent > 500, "Standard", "Basic")) - Performance rating:
IF(Score >= 90, "Excellent", IF(Score >= 70, "Good", "Needs Improvement")) - Season classification:
IF(MONTH(Date) IN (12,1,2), "Winter", IF(MONTH(Date) IN (3,4,5), "Spring", ...))
Mathematical operations
Mathematical operations
Perform calculations using basic arithmetic operationsMathematical operations provide the foundation for creating derived metrics through basic arithmetic. These operations are essential for unit economics, efficiency calculations, and comparative metrics.Examples: Add, subtract, multiply, divide values to create derived metricsUse cases: Unit economics, efficiency calculations, comparative metricsBest practices: Handle division by zero, consider data types, validate results
Date calculations
Date calculations
Perform time-based calculations and comparisonsDate calculations are crucial for analyzing customer lifecycle, calculating trends, and creating time-based metrics. These functions help you understand temporal patterns and relationships in your data.Examples:
- Days since last purchase:
DATEDIFF(CURRENT_DATE, Last_Purchase_Date) - Quarter over quarter growth:
(Q2_Revenue - Q1_Revenue) / Q1_Revenue - Age in years:
DATEDIFF(CURRENT_DATE, Birth_Date) / 365
Aggregation functions
Aggregation functions
Combine multiple values into single summary statisticsAggregation functions are fundamental for summarizing data and creating meaningful metrics. They help you understand overall performance, trends, and patterns by combining multiple data points into single summary statistics.Functions:
- SUM: Total values across groups (total revenue, total units sold)
- COUNT: Count occurrences (number of orders, customer count)
- AVG: Calculate averages (average order value, mean response time)
- MIN/MAX: Find extreme values (lowest price, highest score)
Window functions
Window functions
Perform calculations across related rows without groupingWindow functions enable advanced analytical calculations that operate across related rows without collapsing data into groups. They’re essential for trend analysis, rankings, and comparative calculations.Functions:
- Running totals: Cumulative sums over time periods
- Moving averages: Rolling averages for trend smoothing
- Rankings: Position within groups (top performers, percentile rankings)
Grouping and binning
Grouping and binning
Organize continuous data into discrete categoriesGrouping and binning help you organize continuous or large datasets into manageable, discrete categories. This is essential for customer segmentation, performance categorization, and data simplification.Examples:
- Age groups: 18-25, 26-35, 36-45, 46+
- Revenue tiers: 10K-50K, 100K+
- Performance bands: Low, Medium, High
Filtering and sorting
Filtering and sorting
Focus on specific data subsets and organize resultsFiltering and sorting operations help you focus your analysis on relevant data subsets and organize results in meaningful ways. These operations are crucial for targeted analysis and data exploration.Operations:
- Date range filtering: Focus on specific time periods
- Value filtering: Include only relevant data ranges
- Top N filtering: Show only top performers or categories
Custom SQL
Custom SQL provides unlimited flexibility for advanced users who need to go beyond the standard chart building interface. This powerful feature allows you to write custom queries that can handle complex data transformations, advanced analytics, and sophisticated business logic. When to use custom SQL: Custom SQL is ideal when you need capabilities that go beyond the standard chart builder interface.-
Complex calculations - Multi-step data transformations that require advanced SQL functions
- Examples: Cohort analysis, customer lifetime value calculations, complex financial ratios
- Use cases: Advanced analytics, custom business metrics, sophisticated reporting
- Benefits: Full control over calculation logic, ability to use advanced SQL functions
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Advanced filtering - Sophisticated WHERE clauses with complex conditions
- Examples: Multi-condition filters, subqueries for filtering, dynamic date ranges
- Use cases: Complex data segmentation, conditional analysis, dynamic reporting
- Benefits: Precise control over data selection, ability to use subqueries and CTEs
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Joins and unions - Combining multiple data sources for comprehensive analysis
- Examples: Customer data joined with transaction data, multiple product tables combined
- Use cases: Cross-system analysis, comprehensive reporting, data integration
- Benefits: Access to related data, ability to create unified views
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Performance optimization - Optimized queries for large datasets and complex operations
- Examples: Pre-aggregated data, optimized joins, efficient subqueries
- Use cases: Large-scale analytics, performance-critical dashboards, real-time reporting
- Benefits: Better query performance, reduced load times, efficient resource usage
Troubleshooting
Common chart issues
Charts not displaying data
Charts not displaying data
Possible causes:
- Data source connection issues
- Incorrect dimension/metric configuration
- Data filtering issues
- Query errors or timeouts
- Verify data source connections
- Check dimension and metric settings
- Review applied filters
- Test queries independently
Visual formatting issues
Visual formatting issues
Possible causes:
- Color scheme conflicts
- Font or sizing issues
- Label overlap or truncation
- Responsive design problems
- Adjust color schemes and contrast
- Modify font sizes and spacing
- Optimize label positioning
- Test on different screen sizes
Performance problems
Performance problems
Possible causes:
- Large dataset volumes
- Inefficient queries
- Complex calculations
- Network latency issues
- Optimize data queries and filters
- Implement data aggregation strategies
- Use caching for frequently accessed data
- Monitor and optimize infrastructure